
Instructional Design Project for Enhancing Asynchronous Online Learning at
The Chinese University of Hong Kong
香港中文大學非同步線上學習提升教學設計專案

01.
Asynchronous online courses at CUHK face significant challenges due to an over-reliance on text-heavy PowerPoint slides and a lack of social engagement in virtual settings.
中文大學的非同步線上課程面臨重大挑戰,原因是過度依賴文字繁多的投影片,並且在虛擬環境中缺乏社交互動。
02.
Slides overloaded with text contradict multimedia learning principles, causing cognitive overload and passive learning, which disadvantages auditory and kinesthetic learners.
充滿文字的投影片違反了多媒體學習原則,會造成認知負荷過重和被動學習,對聽覺和動覺學習者不利。
03.
The asynchronous format reduces social and cognitive presence, hindering the peer interaction and emotional connections necessary for deep learning as outlined in the Community of Inquiry framework.
非同步的形式降低了社交和認知存在感,阻礙了同儕互動和建立情感聯繫,而這些都是《探究社群》框架中深入學習所需的要素。
Problem Statement 問題陳述
Learner Analysis
Two professors per CUHK faculty will be interviewed. A pilot interview with two assistant professors from Linguistics and Computer Science was conducted on October 2, 2025, asking about persona, attitude, and skills.
每個中大院系將會訪問兩位教授。於2025年10月2日,曾對語言學及計算機科學的兩位助理教授進行初步訪問,詢問他們的人格特質、態度及技能。
Instructional Design Model
The ADDIE model is proposed as a systematic framework to tackle CUHK's issues of textual overload and social disengagement in online courses. It begins with a deep Analysis of the root causes behind text-heavy slides. The Design phase then shifts focus from content delivery to learning-centric approaches, applying Mayer's principles to replace text with narrated animations and elevate social presence.
ADDIE 模型被提出作為一個系統性框架,以解決中文大學在網上課程中面臨的文字過載和社交疏離問題。它從深入分析文字密集投影片背後的根本原因開始。接著,設計階段將重點從內容傳遞轉向以學習為中心的方法,應用 Mayer 的原則,用旁白動畫取代文字,並提升社交存在感。
Needs Analysis
CUHK faculty aim to create engaging, collaborative online courses but rely heavily on text-heavy slides due to low technological self-efficacy and unclear pedagogical strategies. This gap highlights a dual need for training in both collaborative learning design and practical, time-efficient use of interactive multimedia tools.
中文大學的教職員旨在創建有趣且具協作性的線上課程,但由於科技自我效能低以及教學策略不明確,他們仍然高度依賴文字繁多的投影片。這種差距凸顯了在協作學習設計以及互動多媒體工具的實用且高效使用方面的雙重培訓需求。
Instructional Design Model
Development creates the actual instructional assets. Implementation involves faculty piloting a prototype and providing feedback. Finally, Evaluation gathers survey data from both faculty and students to assess the redesigned course's effectiveness.
開發階段會創建實際的教學資源。實施階段涉及教師試用原型並提供反饋。最後,評估階段會收集教師和學生的調查數據,以評估重新設計的課程的有效性。
Objective 1
目標 1
To identify and describe the key components of Mayer's Coherence, Signaling, and Modality principles in provided examples, achieving a score of 80% or higher on a recognition and terminology assessment.
識別並描述梅爾耶(Mayer)一致性、訊號化與模態原則在提供範例中的關鍵組成要素,在識別與術語評量中達到80%或以上的分數。
Objective 2
目標 2
To apply Mayer's principles by constructing a 90-second narrated animation and analyzing its alignment with all "Proficient" criteria on a 3-point instructional design rubric.
透過製作一個90秒的旁白動畫並分析其與三點教學設計評分表上所有「精通」標準的一致性,以應用Mayer的原則。
Objective 3
目標 3
To create a collaborative learning activity by designing and submitting a completed Collaborative Activity Storyboard that includes a problem-based scenario and a facilitation plan for building social and cognitive presence by the end of the final training.
通過設計並提交一個完整的合作學習活動故事板來創建合作學習活動,其中包括基於問題的情境以及促進社交和認知存在感的計劃,並在最終培訓結束時完成。

Instructional Design Strategies
Module 1-2
教學設計策略
模組 1-2
Foundation & Multimedia Creation
This phase focuses on moving faculty from theory to application. Module 1 builds foundational knowledge of Mayer's multimedia principles through self-assessment and analysis. Module 2 applies this by guiding faculty to storyboard and produce a short, narrated animation, supported by peer feedback using a design rubric. See Appendix 1 in the google document.
基礎與多媒體創作
這個階段的重點是將教職員從理論轉向應用。模組一透過自我評估與分析,建立梅耶多媒體原則的基礎知識。模組二則應用這些知識,引導教職員進行分鏡設計並製作一個簡短的旁白動畫,同時透過設計評分表獲得同儕反饋。請參見 Google 文件中的附錄 1。


Instructional Design Strategies
Module 3-4
教學設計策略
模組 3-4
Collaborative Activity Design.
This module addresses social disengagement by training faculty to design a collaborative online activity grounded in the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework. Participants use templates and examples to create a storyboard for a problem-based scenario, incorporating plans for fostering social and cognitive presence while considering accessibility and ethics. See Appendix 2 in the google document.
協作活動設計
本模組透過培訓教師設計以「探究社群(CoI)框架」為基礎的線上協作活動來應對社交脫節問題。參與者使用範本和範例為問題導向情境創建故事板,並結合促進社交與認知存在的計畫,同時考量可及性與倫理問題。請參見 Google 文件中的附錄 2。


Instructional Design Strategies
Module 5-6
教學設計策略
模組 5-6
Integration & Evaluation.
The implementation concludes with assignment submission, final reflection, and comprehensive evaluation. This includes a post-training survey and analysis of learning analytics for summative assessment. A long-term sustainability plan is initiated, featuring a follow-up survey and the creation of an online community to support ongoing peer exchange and instructional innovation. See Appendix 3 in the google document.
整合與評估
實施階段以作業提交、最終反思及全面評估作結。這包括培訓後問卷調查以及學習分析的總結性評估。同時啟動長期可持續發展計劃,包含後續問卷調查及建立線上社群,以支持持續的同儕交流和教學創新。請參見 Google 文件中的附錄 3。
Reflection 反思
Reflecting on this entire process, my journey with GenAI and the instructional design project has been profoundly transformative, shifting my perspective from seeing technology as a mere tool to understanding it as a complex collaborative partner. My approach to designing prompts evolved from seeking straightforward answers to engaging in a dynamic, critical dialogue. Initially, I might ask a broad question like how to transform text-heavy slides, only to receive generic advice. The real breakthrough came when I learned to iterate and refine to specify practical tools, demand theoretical justifications, and courageously point out discrepancies with my course readings. This iterative negotiation, especially when I challenged GenAI for omitting Rogers' innovation model, was exhilarating. It taught me that my role wasn't to be a passive recipient but an active interrogator, using my growing knowledge to steer the interaction toward deeper synthesis. The most rewarding moments came from prompts that forced connections, like asking AI to synthesize educational data mining, learning analytics, and Social Network Analysis into one coherent system. This didn’t just recap content; it generated a new, holistic understanding I hadn’t possessed before, proving the value of synthesis as the highest-order prompt strategy. The most rewarding moments came from prompts that forced connections, like asking AI to synthesize educational data mining, learning analytics, and Social Network Analysis into one coherent system. This didn’t just recap content; it generated a new, holistic understanding I hadn’t possessed before, proving the value of synthesis as the highest-order prompt strategy.
回顧整個過程,我與生成式人工智慧以及教學設計專案的旅程深具變革性,將我的觀點從將科技視為單純工具,轉變為理解它是一個複雜且協作的夥伴。我設計提示的方式也從尋求直接答案,演變為進行動態且批判性的對話。起初,我可能會提出像如何改造文字繁多的簡報這樣的廣泛問題,結果只得到一般性的建議。真正的突破發生在我學會迭代與精煉時——指定實用工具、要求理論依據,並勇於指出與課程閱讀材料的差異。這種迭代的協商過程,尤其是在我挑戰生成式人工智慧忽略羅傑斯創新模型時,令人振奮。它教會我,我的角色不是被動接受者,而是積極的質詢者,運用我日益增長的知識,引導互動走向更深層次的綜合。最有成就感的時刻來自那些迫使我進行聯結的提示,例如要求 AI 將教育資料挖掘、學習分析與社群網絡分析綜合成一個連貫的系統。這不僅僅是重述內容;它產生了一種我以前未曾擁有的全新整體理解,證明了綜合作為最高層次提示策略的價值。
This same spirit of iterative design and synthesis directly fueled our project. My role in initiating the idea and drafting the instructional design documents was driven by a desire to address the authentic, deteriorating issue I observed at CUHK which is the disconnect between faculty aspirations and their text-heavy, disengaging online practices. Moving from a generic solution to a niche, targeted intervention required us to meticulously align learning objectives with theoretical frameworks like Mayer’s Principles and the Community of Inquiry. The success I see lies in that specificity; we didn’t just suggest adding videos; we built a scaffolded implementation plan with modules that guide faculty from cognitive theory to practical creation of narrated animations and collaborative activities. It feels like a viable blueprint for change.
這種循環設計與綜合的精神直接推動了我們的專案。我在構思這個想法並起草教學設計文件的角色,源自於我希望解決我在香港中文大學觀察到的真實且「惡化」的問題:教師的期望與他們以文字為主、缺乏吸引力的線上教學實踐之間的脫節。從通用解決方案轉向利基、針對性的介入,需要我們仔細地將學習目標與像 Mayer 原則及探究社群(Community of Inquiry)等理論框架對齊。我看到的成功就在於這種具體性——我們不只是建議「增加影片」;我們構建了一個分層的實施計畫,模組引導教師從認知理論到實際創作旁白動畫與協作活動。這感覺像是一個可行的變革藍圖。
Of course, the path had its challenges. Collaborating across a 12-hour time zone with my partner, Katie, was a logistical hurdle that demanded flexibility and patience from both sides. More intellectually challenging was merging our disparate disciplinary backgrounds—linguistics and military education. Our initial conversations were a critical crucible. We had to actively translate our perspectives, share literature, and validate that the core problem transcended our fields. This diversity, once navigated, became our greatest strength, ensuring our proposal was robust and not limited to a single academic silo. It was a practical lesson in interdisciplinary collaboration.
當然,這條道路並非沒有挑戰。與我的合作夥伴凱蒂跨越12小時時差的合作,是一個後勤上的難題,雙方都需要靈活性和耐心。更具智力挑戰的是融合我們截然不同的學科背景——語言學和軍事教育。我們最初的討論是一個關鍵的熔爐。我們必須積極地翻譯彼此的觀點、分享文獻,並確認核心問題超越了我們各自的領域。這種多樣性,一旦克服,就成為我們最大的優勢,確保我們的提案是穩健的,而不僅限於單一學術領域。這是一個實際的跨學科合作的課程。
If given another chance, I would introduce a comparative dimension, pitching our framework against the context of a U.S. university. Examining how cultural diversity, organizational culture, and faculty profiles might alter the implementation strategies would add incredible depth and rigor, turning our project into a truly comparative study in instructional design.
如果有另一個機會,我會加入比較的層面,將我們的框架與美國大學的情境對照。探討文化多樣性、組織文化以及教職員結構如何影響實施策略,將為研究增添極大的深度與嚴謹性,使我們的專案真正成為教學設計方面的比較研究。
The logical next step for me is continuity, to pitch this proposal and pilot the study at CUHK. I envision starting with instructors and tutors as the first participant group—a manageable pilot that could provide invaluable feedback before a wider faculty rollout. This entire experience, from the frustrating jargon-heavy dead ends with AI to the breakthrough of a well-synthesized concept, has fundamentally reshaped my approach. I no longer view GenAI as an oracle but as a provocateur that mirrors and amplifies my own critical thinking. The project, in turn, is no longer just an academic exercise; it feels like a actionable contribution, born from genuine observation and refined through a process of relentless inquiry and collaborative synthesis.
對我來說,下一個合乎邏輯的步驟是持續推進:向中文大學提出這個計劃並試行研究。我設想從講師和導師作為第一批參與者開始——這是一個可控的試點,可以在更大範圍的教師推廣前提供寶貴的反饋。整個經歷,從與人工智慧的令人沮喪「術語過多」的死胡同,到突破性地形成一個精心整合的概念,已經從根本上改變了我的方法。我不再將生成式人工智慧視為神諭,而是將其看作一個挑釁者,反映並放大我自身的批判性思維。反過來,這個項目也不再僅僅是學術練習;它感覺像是一項可付諸行動的貢獻,源於真實的觀察,並通過不懈探究和協作整合過程加以提煉。
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